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|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<chapter id="service_chaining_128t_fortigate">
<title>Service Chaining 128T - Fortigate Example Use-case</title>
<para>The term service chaining or service function chaining (SFC) is used
to describe the definition and instantiation of an ordered list of instances
of such service functions and the subsequent "steering" of traffic flows
through those service functions. The set of enabled service function chains
reflects operator service offerings and is designed in conjunction with
application delivery and service and network policy.</para>
<para>The Network Service Header (NSH - RFC 8300) is a service-chaining
protocol that is added to network traffic, in the packet header, to describe
a sequence of service nodes (PNFs or VNFs) that the packet must be routed to
prior to reaching its destination address, thus creating a service
chain.</para>
<section id="prereq_serv_chain_cmc">
<title>Prerequisites</title>
<para>The 128T router and the Fortinet firewall in a service chain require
the following prequisites for this example use case:</para>
<itemizedlist spacing="compact">
<listitem>
<para>1 in band management port for device management.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>1 in band management port for the 128T router.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>1 in band management port for Fortinet.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>1 WAN interface for Fortinet.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>1 LAN facing interface for Fortinet.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>1 WAN facing interface for the 128T router.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>1 service chain (SFC Bridged interface) to sit between the
Firewall and vRouter.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
<section id="ser_chain_uc">
<title>Service Chaining 128T - Fortigate</title>
<figure>
<title>Service Chaining 128T - Fortigate Setup Overview</title>
<mediaobject>
<imageobject>
<imagedata contentwidth="600"
fileref="images/kontron_me1100_servicechain.png" />
</imageobject>
</mediaobject>
</figure>
<section>
<title>Use-case Setup</title>
<para><emphasis role="bold">Configuring Network Interfaces on uCPE
devices:</emphasis><orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Log into the uCPE Manager with both username and password
values: <literal>admin</literal>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Add the Kontron me1100 uCPE device into the uCPE Manager:
<literal>Devices -> Manage -> Add</literal>.</para>
<para>Fill in the required fields with the following data:</para>
<table>
<title>Device Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Type</entry>
<entry>Enea universal CPE</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Release</entry>
<entry>1.0</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry>me1100</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>IP/DNS Address</entry>
<entry>Dynamic IP received by device from DHCP server
(E.g.: 172.24.12.74).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Description</entry>
<entry>Kontron Target 1</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>SSH Port</entry>
<entry>830</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>SSH User Name</entry>
<entry>root</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Password</entry>
<entry>null</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>OK</entry>
<entry>Green status indicates connection with uCPE device
was established.</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>In order to add the device on the map: Right-Click on
<literal>Map -> Place Device -> me1100</literal>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Configure the infrastructure for the 128T and Fortigate VNFs
in the service chain by creating four OVS bridges and a host
interface.</para>
<para>Add the Host Interface by selecting the me1100 device, then
<literal>Configuration -> OpenVSwitch -> Host Interfaces
-> Add</literal>.</para>
<para>Fill in the required fields with the following data:</para>
<table>
<title>Host Interface Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Source</entry>
<entry><literal>enp4s0f1</literal>. The only interface
available for LAN connection.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>type</entry>
<entry>dpdk</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>networking-type</entry>
<entry>dpdk</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>dpdk-type</entry>
<entry>vfio-pci</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Create</entry>
<entry><interface enp4s0f1 ready to be used in a LAN
bridge.></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>Add the OVS bridges by selecting the me1100 device then:
<literal>Configuration -> OpenVSwitch -> Bridges ->
Add</literal>.</para>
<para>Fill in the required fields for each bridge with the
following data from each table:</para>
<table>
<title>ibm_br Bridge Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>id</entry>
<entry><autogenerated - do not change></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry><literal>ibm_br</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ovs-bridge-type</entry>
<entry>dpdkWan</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>mgmt-address</entry>
<entry>Provide the IP address of the uCPE Manager machine
(E.g. 172.24.3.109).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>mgmt-port</entry>
<entry>830</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Create</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table>
<title>vnf_mgmt_br Bridge Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>id</entry>
<entry><autogenerated - do not change></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry><literal>vnf_mgmt_br</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ovs-bridge-type</entry>
<entry>vnfMgmt</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>vnf-mgmt-address</entry>
<entry>10.0.0.1</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Create</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table>
<title>lan_br Bridge Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>id</entry>
<entry><autogenerated - do not change></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry><literal>lan_br</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ovs-bridge-type</entry>
<entry>canonical</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>+</entry>
<entry>Name: enp4s0f1 OK</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Create</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table>
<title>sfc_br Bridge Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>id</entry>
<entry><autogenerated - do not change></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry><literal>sfc_br</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ovs-bridge-type</entry>
<entry>canonical</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Create</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</listitem>
</orderedlist></para>
<para><emphasis role="bold">Onboarding the VNFs:</emphasis></para>
<para>Onboard the 128T VNF VM Image through <literal>VNF ->
Descriptors -> On-board -> VM Image</literal>, and fill in the
required fields with the following values:</para>
<table>
<title>128T VM Image Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>VM image file</entry>
<entry><literal>centos_128t_with_ci.qcow2</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Image format</entry>
<entry>QCOW2</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>VNF Type Name</entry>
<entry>128T</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Description</entry>
<entry>128T Router</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Version</entry>
<entry>1.0</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Memory in MB</entry>
<entry>8192. More memory can be allocated if required
(<28672).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Num. of CPUs</entry>
<entry>2. More CPUs can be reserved if required
(<15).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: mgmt</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: wan</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: lan</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Cloud Init -> Cloud-Init Datasource</entry>
<entry>ISO</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Cloud Init -> Cloud-Init Disk Type</entry>
<entry>cdrom</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Properties -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: vnfMgmtIpAddress. Value: 10.0.0.2</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Properties -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: internalMgmtPort. Value: 443</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Properties -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: externalMgmtPort. Value: 60001</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Onboard</entry>
<entry><Wait for message: VNF package onboarded
successfully></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Close</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<note>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>HTTPS access (443) can be changed to another type of access.
Please consult official 128T documentation and make sure the 128T
VNF is configured to accept another type of connection before
changing the port number.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><literal>externalMgmtPort(60001)</literal> represents the
external port on which the user can access the VNF management
interface from the web browser via HTTPS. The user can select
another port if needed. There are no other changes required or
components affected by this change.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><literal>vnfMgmtIpAddress</literal> (10.0.0.2) represents
the IP address of the management interface of the 128T VNF.
Changing this value requires an update to the 128T configuration
to match the new IP address.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</note>
<para>Onboard the Fortigate VNF VM Image through <literal>VNF ->
Descriptors -> On-board -> VM Image</literal>, and fill in the
required fields with the following values:</para>
<table>
<title>Fortigate VM Image Details</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>VM image file</entry>
<entry><literal>fortios.qcow2</literal>. Please make sure to
contact Fortigate for an official Fortigate KVM image.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Image format</entry>
<entry>QCOW2</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>VNF Type Name</entry>
<entry>Fortigate</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Description</entry>
<entry>Fortigate VNF</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Version</entry>
<entry>1.0</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Memory in MB</entry>
<entry>1024. More memory can be allocated if required
(<28672).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Num. of CPUs</entry>
<entry>1. More CPUs can be reserved if required
(<15).</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: mgmt</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: wan</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: lan</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Cloud Init -> Cloud-Init Datasource</entry>
<entry>ConfigDrive</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Cloud Init -> Cloud-Init Disk Type</entry>
<entry>cdrom</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Cloud Init -> +</entry>
<entry>Path: license</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Properties -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: vnfMgmtIpAddress. Value: 10.0.0.3</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Properties -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: internalMgmtPort. Value: 443</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Properties -> +</entry>
<entry>Name: externalMgmtPort. Value: 60002</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Onboard</entry>
<entry><Wait for message: VNF package onboarded
successfully></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Close</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<note>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>HTTPS access (443) can be changed to another type of access.
Please consult official Fortigate documentation and make sure the
Fortigate VNF is configured to accept another type of connection
before changing the port number.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><literal>externalMgmtPort</literal> (60002) represents the
external port on which the user can access the VNF management
interface from the web browser via HTTPS. The user can select
another port if needed. There are no other changes required or
components affected by this change.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para><literal>vnfMgmtIpAddress</literal> (10.0.0.3) represents
the IP address of the management interface of the Fortigate VNF.
Changing this value requires an update to the Fortigate
configuration to match with new IP address.</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</note>
<para><emphasis role="bold">Instantiating the VNFs:</emphasis></para>
<para>Instantiate the 128T VNF by selecting the me1100 device, then
<literal>VNF -> Instances -> Add</literal>.</para>
<para>Fill in the required fields with the following values:</para>
<table>
<title>128T VNF Instantiation</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry>128T_me1100_1</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>VNF Type</entry>
<entry>128T</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>VNFD Version</entry>
<entry>1.0</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Flavour</entry>
<entry>Canonical</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>uCPE Device</entry>
<entry>me1100</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Cloud Init File</entry>
<entry><literal>centos_128t_internet_ci.iso</literal>. Example
image provided. Please see Appendix A for details on how to
change the configuration and create a new cloud-init iso
image.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Domain Update Script</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ID</entry>
<entry>IF Name</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>mgmt (dpdk)</entry>
<entry>Bridge: vnf_mgmt_br</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>wan (dpdk)</entry>
<entry>Bridge: ibm_br</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>lan (dpdk)</entry>
<entry>Bridge: sfc_br</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Create</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para>Instantiate the Fortigate VNF by selecting the me1100 device, then
<literal>VNF -> Instances -> Add</literal>.</para>
<para>Fill in the required fields with the following values:</para>
<table>
<title>Fortigate VNF Instantiation</title>
<tgroup cols="2">
<colspec align="left" />
<colspec colwidth="2*" />
<colspec colwidth="5*" />
<thead>
<row>
<entry align="center">Field</entry>
<entry align="center">Value</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>Name</entry>
<entry>fg_me1100_1</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>VNF Type</entry>
<entry>Fortigate</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>VNFD Version</entry>
<entry>1.0</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Flavour</entry>
<entry>Canonical</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>uCPE Device</entry>
<entry>me1100</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Cloud Init File</entry>
<entry><literal>fg_cmc_basic_fw.conf</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>License File</entry>
<entry><literal>FGVM08TM00001.lic</literal>. Please make sure to
use a valid license file (.lic) received from Fortinet.</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Domain Update Script</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Interfaces</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>ID</entry>
<entry>IF Name</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>mgmt (dpdk)</entry>
<entry>Bridge: vnf_mgmt_br</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>wan (dpdk)</entry>
<entry>Bridge: sfc_br</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>lan (dpdk)</entry>
<entry>Bridge: lan_br</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>Create</entry>
<entry></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</section>
<section>
<title>Testing the Use-case</title>
<para>In order to access the web interfaces of the 128T VNF, open a
browser on a machine connected on the same network with the WAN port of
the target and connect to:
<literal>https://<publicIP>:60001</literal> using the username:
admin and the password: 128Tadmin.</para>
<para>In order to access the web interfaces of the Fortigate VNF, open a
browser on a machine connected on the same network with the WAN port of
the target and connect to:
<literal>https://<publicIP>:60002</literal> using the username:
admin, and leaving the password blank.</para>
<note>
<para>Make sure the WAN interface of the me1100 device has access to
the internet. The Fortigate VNF requires internet access to validate
the license.</para>
</note>
<para>In order to validate the data path connect a test machine to the
LAN physical port and check for a dynamic IP (the Fortigate LAN
interface is configured with a DHCP server):<programlisting>> dhclient eth1
> ping 8.8.8.8</programlisting>For data path validation, a new cloud-init
image may need to be generated for the 128T VNF to match your network
configuration. Please check Appendix A "How to create 128T cloud-init
iso image (day-0 configuration)" for details.</para>
</section>
<section>
<title>Use-case Clean-up</title>
<para>In order to remove the setup created in previously, all components
need to be deleted in reverse order:</para>
<orderedlist>
<listitem>
<para>Select the me1100 uCPE device -> VNF -> Instances.
Select the 128T and Fortigate VNFs -> Delete.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Select the me1100 uCPE device -> Configuration ->
OpenVSwitch -> Bridges. Select all bridges -> Delete.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>Select the me1100 uCPE device -> Configuration ->
OpenVSwitch -> Host Interfaces. Select all interfaces ->
Delete.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>VNF -> Descriptors. Select all bundles ->
Offboard.</para>
</listitem>
</orderedlist>
</section>
</section>
</chapter>
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