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+##### Example wpa_supplicant configuration file ###############################
+# Empty lines and lines starting with # are ignored
+
+# NOTE! This file may contain password information and should probably be made
+# readable only by root user on multiuser systems.
+
+# global configuration (shared by all network blocks)
+#
+# Interface for separate control program. If this is specified, wpa_supplicant
+# will create this directory and a UNIX domain socket for listening to requests
+# from external programs (CLI/GUI, etc.) for status information and
+# configuration. The socket file will be named based on the interface name, so
+# multiple wpa_supplicant processes can be run at the same time if more than
+# one interface is used.
+# /var/run/wpa_supplicant is the recommended directory for sockets and by
+# default, wpa_cli will use it when trying to connect with wpa_supplicant.
+ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant
+
+# Access control for the control interface can be configured by setting the
+# directory to allow only members of a group to use sockets. This way, it is
+# possible to run wpa_supplicant as root (since it needs to change network
+# configuration and open raw sockets) and still allow GUI/CLI components to be
+# run as non-root users. However, since the control interface can be used to
+# change the network configuration, this access needs to be protected in many
+# cases. By default, wpa_supplicant is configured to use gid 0 (root). If you
+# want to allow non-root users to use the control interface, add a new group
+# and change this value to match with that group. Add users that should have
+# control interface access to this group. If this variable is commented out or
+# not included in the configuration file, group will not be changed from the
+# value it got by default when the directory or socket was created.
+#
+# This variable can be a group name or gid.
+#ctrl_interface_group=wheel
+ctrl_interface_group=0
+
+# IEEE 802.1X/EAPOL version
+# wpa_supplicant was implemented based on IEEE 802-1X-REV-d8 which defines
+# EAPOL version 2. However, there are many APs that do not handle the new
+# version number correctly (they seem to drop the frames completely). In order
+# to make wpa_supplicant interoperate with these APs, the version number is set
+# to 1 by default. This configuration value can be used to set it to the new
+# version (2).
+eapol_version=1
+
+# AP scanning/selection
+# By default, wpa_supplicant requests driver to perform AP scanning and then
+# uses the scan results to select a suitable AP. Another alternative is to
+# allow the driver to take care of AP scanning and selection and use
+# wpa_supplicant just to process EAPOL frames based on IEEE 802.11 association
+# information from the driver.
+# 1: wpa_supplicant initiates scanning and AP selection
+# 0: driver takes care of scanning, AP selection, and IEEE 802.11 association
+#    parameters (e.g., WPA IE generation); this mode can also be used with
+#    non-WPA drivers when using IEEE 802.1X mode; do not try to associate with
+#    APs (i.e., external program needs to control association)
+# 2: like 0, but associate with APs using security policy and SSID (but not
+#    BSSID); this can be used, e.g., with ndiswrapper and NDIS driver to
+#    enable operation with hidden SSIDs and optimized roaming; in this mode,
+#    only the first network block in the configuration file is used and this
+#    configuration should have explicit security policy (i.e., only one option
+#    in the lists) for key_mgmt, pairwise, group, proto variables
+ap_scan=1
+
+# EAP fast re-authentication
+# By default, fast re-authentication is enabled for all EAP methods that
+# support it. This variable can be used to disable fast re-authentication.
+# Normally, there is no need to disable this.
+fast_reauth=1
+
+# network block
+#
+# Each network (usually AP's sharing the same SSID) is configured as a separate
+# block in this configuration file. The network blocks are in preference order
+# (the first match is used).
+#
+# network block fields:
+#
+# ssid: SSID (mandatory); either as an ASCII string with double quotation or
+#       as hex string; network name
+#
+# scan_ssid:
+#       0 = do not scan this SSID with specific Probe Request frames (default)
+#       1 = scan with SSID-specific Probe Request frames (this can be used to
+#           find APs that do not accept broadcast SSID or use multiple SSIDs;
+#           this will add latency to scanning, so enable this only when needed)
+#
+# bssid: BSSID (optional); if set, this network block is used only when
+#       associating with the AP using the configured BSSID
+#
+# priority: priority group (integer)
+# By default, all networks will get same priority group (0). If some of the
+# networks are more desirable, this field can be used to change the order in
+# which wpa_supplicant goes through the networks when selecting a BSS. The
+# priority groups will be iterated in decreasing priority (i.e., the larger the
+# priority value, the sooner the network is matched against the scan results).
+# Within each priority group, networks will be selected based on security
+# policy, signal strength, etc.
+# Please note that AP scanning with scan_ssid=1 is not using this priority to
+# select the order for scanning. Instead, it uses the order the networks are in
+# the configuration file.
+#
+# mode: IEEE 802.11 operation mode
+# 0 = infrastructure (Managed) mode, i.e., associate with an AP (default)
+# 1 = IBSS (ad-hoc, peer-to-peer)
+# Note: IBSS can only be used with key_mgmt NONE (plaintext and static WEP)
+# and key_mgmt=WPA-NONE (fixed group key TKIP/CCMP). In addition, ap_scan has
+# to be set to 2 for IBSS. WPA-None requires following network block options:
+# proto=WPA, key_mgmt=WPA-NONE, pairwise=NONE, group=TKIP (or CCMP, but not
+# both), and psk must also be set.
+#
+# proto: list of accepted protocols
+# WPA = WPA/IEEE 802.11i/D3.0
+# RSN = WPA2/IEEE 802.11i (also WPA2 can be used as an alias for RSN)
+# If not set, this defaults to: WPA RSN
+#
+# key_mgmt: list of accepted authenticated key management protocols
+# WPA-PSK = WPA pre-shared key (this requires 'psk' field)
+# WPA-EAP = WPA using EAP authentication (this can use an external
+#       program, e.g., Xsupplicant, for IEEE 802.1X EAP Authentication
+# IEEE8021X = IEEE 802.1X using EAP authentication and (optionally) dynamically
+#       generated WEP keys
+# NONE = WPA is not used; plaintext or static WEP could be used
+# If not set, this defaults to: WPA-PSK WPA-EAP
+#
+# auth_alg: list of allowed IEEE 802.11 authentication algorithms
+# OPEN = Open System authentication (required for WPA/WPA2)
+# SHARED = Shared Key authentication (requires static WEP keys)
+# LEAP = LEAP/Network EAP (only used with LEAP)
+# If not set, automatic selection is used (Open System with LEAP enabled if
+# LEAP is allowed as one of the EAP methods).
+#
+# pairwise: list of accepted pairwise (unicast) ciphers for WPA
+# CCMP = AES in Counter mode with CBC-MAC [RFC 3610, IEEE 802.11i/D7.0]
+# TKIP = Temporal Key Integrity Protocol [IEEE 802.11i/D7.0]
+# NONE = Use only Group Keys (deprecated, should not be included if APs support
+#       pairwise keys)
+# If not set, this defaults to: CCMP TKIP
+#
+# group: list of accepted group (broadcast/multicast) ciphers for WPA
+# CCMP = AES in Counter mode with CBC-MAC [RFC 3610, IEEE 802.11i/D7.0]
+# TKIP = Temporal Key Integrity Protocol [IEEE 802.11i/D7.0]
+# WEP104 = WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) with 104-bit key
+# WEP40 = WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) with 40-bit key [IEEE 802.11]
+# If not set, this defaults to: CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40
+#
+# psk: WPA preshared key; 256-bit pre-shared key
+# The key used in WPA-PSK mode can be entered either as 64 hex-digits, i.e.,
+# 32 bytes or as an ASCII passphrase (in which case, the real PSK will be
+# generated using the passphrase and SSID). ASCII passphrase must be between
+# 8 and 63 characters (inclusive).
+# This field is not needed, if WPA-EAP is used.
+# Note: Separate tool, wpa_passphrase, can be used to generate 256-bit keys
+# from ASCII passphrase. This process uses lot of CPU and wpa_supplicant
+# startup and reconfiguration time can be optimized by generating the PSK only
+# only when the passphrase or SSID has actually changed.
+#
+# eapol_flags: IEEE 802.1X/EAPOL options (bit field)
+# Dynamic WEP key require for non-WPA mode
+# bit0 (1): require dynamically generated unicast WEP key
+# bit1 (2): require dynamically generated broadcast WEP key
+#       (3 = require both keys; default)
+#
+# Following fields are only used with internal EAP implementation.
+# eap: space-separated list of accepted EAP methods
+#       MD5 = EAP-MD5 (unsecure and does not generate keying material ->
+#                       cannot be used with WPA; to be used as a Phase 2 method
+#                       with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS)
+#       MSCHAPV2 = EAP-MSCHAPv2 (cannot be used separately with WPA; to be used
+#               as a Phase 2 method with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS)
+#       OTP = EAP-OTP (cannot be used separately with WPA; to be used
+#               as a Phase 2 method with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS)
+#       GTC = EAP-GTC (cannot be used separately with WPA; to be used
+#               as a Phase 2 method with EAP-PEAP or EAP-TTLS)
+#       TLS = EAP-TLS (client and server certificate)
+#       PEAP = EAP-PEAP (with tunnelled EAP authentication)
+#       TTLS = EAP-TTLS (with tunnelled EAP or PAP/CHAP/MSCHAP/MSCHAPV2
+#                        authentication)
+#       If not set, all compiled in methods are allowed.
+#
+# identity: Identity string for EAP
+# anonymous_identity: Anonymous identity string for EAP (to be used as the
+#       unencrypted identity with EAP types that support different tunnelled
+#       identity, e.g., EAP-TTLS)
+# password: Password string for EAP
+# ca_cert: File path to CA certificate file. This file can have one or more
+#       trusted CA certificates. If ca_cert is not included, server certificate
+#       will not be verified. This is insecure and the CA file should always be
+#       configured.
+# client_cert: File path to client certificate file (PEM/DER)
+# private_key: File path to client private key file (PEM/DER/PFX)
+#       When PKCS#12/PFX file (.p12/.pfx) is used, client_cert should be
+#       commented out. Both the private key and certificate will be read from
+#       the PKCS#12 file in this case.
+# private_key_passwd: Password for private key file
+# dh_file: File path to DH/DSA parameters file (in PEM format)
+#       This is an optional configuration file for setting parameters for an
+#       ephemeral DH key exchange. In most cases, the default RSA
+#       authentication does not use this configuration. However, it is possible
+#       setup RSA to use ephemeral DH key exchange. In addition, ciphers with
+#       DSA keys always use ephemeral DH keys. This can be used to achieve
+#       forward secrecy. If the file is in DSA parameters format, it will be
+#       automatically converted into DH params.
+# subject_match: Substring to be matched against the subject of the
+#       authentication server certificate. If this string is set, the server
+#       sertificate is only accepted if it contains this string in the subject.
+#       The subject string is in following format:
+#       /C=US/ST=CA/L=San Francisco/CN=Test AS/emailAddress=as@example.com
+# phase1: Phase1 (outer authentication, i.e., TLS tunnel) parameters
+#       (string with field-value pairs, e.g., "peapver=0" or
+#       "peapver=1 peaplabel=1")
+#       'peapver' can be used to force which PEAP version (0 or 1) is used.
+#       'peaplabel=1' can be used to force new label, "client PEAP encryption",
+#       to be used during key derivation when PEAPv1 or newer. Most existing
+#       PEAPv1 implementation seem to be using the old label, "client EAP
+#       encryption", and wpa_supplicant is now using that as the default value.
+#       Some servers, e.g., Radiator, may require peaplabel=1 configuration to
+#       interoperate with PEAPv1; see eap_testing.txt for more details.
+#       'peap_outer_success=0' can be used to terminate PEAP authentication on
+#       tunneled EAP-Success. This is required with some RADIUS servers that
+#       implement draft-josefsson-pppext-eap-tls-eap-05.txt (e.g.,
+#       Lucent NavisRadius v4.4.0 with PEAP in "IETF Draft 5" mode)
+#       sim_min_num_chal=3 can be used to configure EAP-SIM to require three
+#       challenges (by default, it accepts 2 or 3)
+# phase2: Phase2 (inner authentication with TLS tunnel) parameters
+#       (string with field-value pairs, e.g., "auth=MSCHAPV2" for EAP-PEAP or
+#       "autheap=MSCHAPV2 autheap=MD5" for EAP-TTLS)
+# Following certificate/private key fields are used in inner Phase2
+# authentication when using EAP-TTLS or EAP-PEAP.
+# ca_cert2: File path to CA certificate file. This file can have one or more
+#       trusted CA certificates. If ca_cert2 is not included, server
+#       certificate will not be verified. This is insecure and the CA file
+#       should always be configured.
+# client_cert2: File path to client certificate file
+# private_key2: File path to client private key file
+# private_key2_passwd: Password for private key file
+# dh_file2: File path to DH/DSA parameters file (in PEM format)
+# subject_match2: Substring to be matched against the subject of the
+#       authentication server certificate.
+#
+# EAP-PSK variables:
+# eappsk: 16-byte (128-bit, 32 hex digits) pre-shared key in hex format
+# nai: user NAI
+# server_nai: authentication server NAI
+#
+# EAP-FAST variables:
+# pac_file: File path for the PAC entries. wpa_supplicant will need to be able
+#       to create this file and write updates to it when PAC is being
+#       provisioned or refreshed.
+# phase1: fast_provisioning=1 option enables in-line provisioning of EAP-FAST
+#       credentials (PAC)
+#
+# wpa_supplicant supports number of "EAP workarounds" to work around
+# interoperability issues with incorrectly behaving authentication servers.
+# These are enabled by default because some of the issues are present in large
+# number of authentication servers. Strict EAP conformance mode can be
+# configured by disabling workarounds with eap_workaround=0.
+
+# Example blocks:
+
+# Simple case: WPA-PSK, PSK as an ASCII passphrase, allow all valid ciphers
+network={
+        ssid="simple"
+        psk="very secret passphrase"
+        priority=5
+}
+
+# Same as previous, but request SSID-specific scanning (for APs that reject
+# broadcast SSID)
+network={
+        ssid="second ssid"
+        scan_ssid=1
+        psk="very secret passphrase"
+        priority=2
+}
+
+# Only WPA-PSK is used. Any valid cipher combination is accepted.
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        proto=WPA
+        key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
+        pairwise=CCMP TKIP
+        group=CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40
+        psk=06b4be19da289f475aa46a33cb793029d4ab3db7a23ee92382eb0106c72ac7bb
+        priority=2
+}
+
+# Only WPA-EAP is used. Both CCMP and TKIP is accepted. An AP that used WEP104
+# or WEP40 as the group cipher will not be accepted.
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        proto=RSN
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        pairwise=CCMP TKIP
+        group=CCMP TKIP
+        eap=TLS
+        identity="user@example.com"
+        ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
+        client_cert="/etc/cert/user.pem"
+        private_key="/etc/cert/user.prv"
+        private_key_passwd="password"
+        priority=1
+}
+
+# EAP-PEAP/MSCHAPv2 configuration for RADIUS servers that use the new peaplabel
+# (e.g., Radiator)
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        eap=PEAP
+        identity="user@example.com"
+        password="foobar"
+        ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
+        phase1="peaplabel=1"
+        phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2"
+        priority=10
+}
+
+# EAP-TTLS/EAP-MD5-Challenge configuration with anonymous identity for the
+# unencrypted use. Real identity is sent only within an encrypted TLS tunnel.
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        eap=TTLS
+        identity="user@example.com"
+        anonymous_identity="anonymous@example.com"
+        password="foobar"
+        ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
+        priority=2
+}
+
+# EAP-TTLS/MSCHAPv2 configuration with anonymous identity for the unencrypted
+# use. Real identity is sent only within an encrypted TLS tunnel.
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        eap=TTLS
+        identity="user@example.com"
+        anonymous_identity="anonymous@example.com"
+        password="foobar"
+        ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
+        phase2="auth=MSCHAPV2"
+}
+
+# WPA-EAP, EAP-TTLS with different CA certificate used for outer and inner
+# authentication.
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        eap=TTLS
+        # Phase1 / outer authentication
+        anonymous_identity="anonymous@example.com"
+        ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
+        # Phase 2 / inner authentication
+        phase2="autheap=TLS"
+        ca_cert2="/etc/cert/ca2.pem"
+        client_cert2="/etc/cer/user.pem"
+        private_key2="/etc/cer/user.prv"
+        private_key2_passwd="password"
+        priority=2
+}
+
+# Both WPA-PSK and WPA-EAP is accepted. Only CCMP is accepted as pairwise and
+# group cipher.
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        bssid=00:11:22:33:44:55
+        proto=WPA RSN
+        key_mgmt=WPA-PSK WPA-EAP
+        pairwise=CCMP
+        group=CCMP
+        psk=06b4be19da289f475aa46a33cb793029d4ab3db7a23ee92382eb0106c72ac7bb
+}
+
+# Special characters in SSID, so use hex string. Default to WPA-PSK, WPA-EAP
+# and all valid ciphers.
+network={
+        ssid=00010203
+        psk=000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f101112131415161718191a1b1c1d1e1f
+}
+
+
+# EAP-SIM with a GSM SIM or USIM
+network={
+        ssid="eap-sim-test"
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        eap=SIM
+        pin="1234"
+        pcsc=""
+}
+
+
+# EAP-PSK
+network={
+        ssid="eap-psk-test"
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        eap=PSK
+        identity="eap_psk_user"
+        eappsk=06b4be19da289f475aa46a33cb793029
+        nai="eap_psk_user@example.com"
+        server_nai="as@example.com"
+}
+
+
+# IEEE 802.1X/EAPOL with dynamically generated WEP keys (i.e., no WPA) using
+# EAP-TLS for authentication and key generation; require both unicast and
+# broadcast WEP keys.
+network={
+        ssid="1x-test"
+        key_mgmt=IEEE8021X
+        eap=TLS
+        identity="user@example.com"
+        ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
+        client_cert="/etc/cert/user.pem"
+        private_key="/etc/cert/user.prv"
+        private_key_passwd="password"
+        eapol_flags=3
+}
+
+
+# LEAP with dynamic WEP keys
+network={
+        ssid="leap-example"
+        key_mgmt=IEEE8021X
+        eap=LEAP
+        identity="user"
+        password="foobar"
+}
+
+# EAP-FAST with WPA (WPA or WPA2)
+network={
+        ssid="eap-fast-test"
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP
+        eap=FAST
+        anonymous_identity="FAST-000102030405"
+        identity="username"
+        password="password"
+        phase1="fast_provisioning=1"
+        pac_file="/etc/wpa_supplicant.eap-fast-pac"
+}
+
+# Plaintext connection (no WPA, no IEEE 802.1X)
+network={
+        ssid="plaintext-test"
+        key_mgmt=NONE
+}
+
+
+# Shared WEP key connection (no WPA, no IEEE 802.1X)
+network={
+        ssid="static-wep-test"
+        key_mgmt=NONE
+        wep_key0="abcde"
+        wep_key1=0102030405
+        wep_key2="1234567890123"
+        wep_tx_keyidx=0
+        priority=5
+}
+
+
+# Shared WEP key connection (no WPA, no IEEE 802.1X) using Shared Key
+# IEEE 802.11 authentication
+network={
+        ssid="static-wep-test2"
+        key_mgmt=NONE
+        wep_key0="abcde"
+        wep_key1=0102030405
+        wep_key2="1234567890123"
+        wep_tx_keyidx=0
+        priority=5
+        auth_alg=SHARED
+}
+
+
+# IBSS/ad-hoc network with WPA-None/TKIP.
+network={
+        ssid="test adhoc"
+        mode=1
+        proto=WPA
+        key_mgmt=WPA-NONE
+        pairwise=NONE
+        group=TKIP
+        psk="secret passphrase"
+}
+
+
+# Catch all example that allows more or less all configuration modes
+network={
+        ssid="example"
+        scan_ssid=1
+        key_mgmt=WPA-EAP WPA-PSK IEEE8021X NONE
+        pairwise=CCMP TKIP
+        group=CCMP TKIP WEP104 WEP40
+        psk="very secret passphrase"
+        eap=TTLS PEAP TLS
+        identity="user@example.com"
+        password="foobar"
+        ca_cert="/etc/cert/ca.pem"
+        client_cert="/etc/cert/user.pem"
+        private_key="/etc/cert/user.prv"
+        private_key_passwd="password"
+        phase1="peaplabel=0"
+}