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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-2.0-UK
*****************
Obtaining the SDK
*****************
.. _sdk-locating-pre-built-sdk-installers:
Locating Pre-Built SDK Installers
=================================
You can use existing, pre-built toolchains by locating and running an
SDK installer script that ships with the Yocto Project. Using this
method, you select and download an architecture-specific SDK installer
and then run the script to hand-install the toolchain.
Follow these steps to locate and hand-install the toolchain:
1. *Go to the Installers Directory:* Go to
` <&YOCTO_TOOLCHAIN_DL_URL;>`__
2. *Open the Folder for Your Build Host:* Open the folder that matches
your `build host <&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#build-system-term>`__ (i.e.
``i686`` for 32-bit machines or ``x86_64`` for 64-bit machines).
3. *Locate and Download the SDK Installer:* You need to find and
download the installer appropriate for your build host, target
hardware, and image type.
The installer files (``*.sh``) follow this naming convention:
poky-glibc-host_system-core-image-type-arch-toolchain[-ext]-release.sh
Where: host_system is a string representing your development system:
"i686" or "x86_64" type is a string representing the image: "sato" or
"minimal" arch is a string representing the target architecture:
"aarch64", "armv5e", "core2-64", "coretexa8hf-neon", "i586",
"mips32r2", "mips64", or "ppc7400" release is the version of Yocto
Project. NOTE: The standard SDK installer does not have the "-ext"
string as part of the filename. The toolchains provided by the Yocto
Project are based off of the ``core-image-sato`` and
``core-image-minimal`` images and contain libraries appropriate for
developing against those images.
For example, if your build host is a 64-bit x86 system and you need
an extended SDK for a 64-bit core2 target, go into the ``x86_64``
folder and download the following installer:
poky-glibc-x86_64-core-image-sato-core2-64-toolchain-ext-DISTRO.sh
4. *Run the Installer:* Be sure you have execution privileges and run
the installer. Following is an example from the ``Downloads``
directory: $
~/Downloads/poky-glibc-x86_64-core-image-sato-core2-64-toolchain-ext-DISTRO.sh
During execution of the script, you choose the root location for the
toolchain. See the "`Installed Standard SDK Directory
Structure <#sdk-installed-standard-sdk-directory-structure>`__"
section and the "`Installed Extensible SDK Directory
Structure <#sdk-installed-extensible-sdk-directory-structure>`__"
section for more information.
Building an SDK Installer
=========================
As an alternative to locating and downloading an SDK installer, you can
build the SDK installer. Follow these steps:
1. *Set Up the Build Environment:* Be sure you are set up to use BitBake
in a shell. See the "`Preparing the Build
Host <&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#dev-preparing-the-build-host>`__" section
in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual for information on how
to get a build host ready that is either a native Linux machine or a
machine that uses CROPS.
2. *Clone the ``poky`` Repository:* You need to have a local copy of the
Yocto Project :term:`Source Directory`
(i.e. a local
``poky`` repository). See the "`Cloning the ``poky``
Repository <&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#cloning-the-poky-repository>`__" and
possibly the "`Checking Out by Branch in
Poky <&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#checking-out-by-branch-in-poky>`__" and
"`Checking Out by Tag in
Poky <&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#checkout-out-by-tag-in-poky>`__" sections
all in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual for information on
how to clone the ``poky`` repository and check out the appropriate
branch for your work.
3. *Initialize the Build Environment:* While in the root directory of
the Source Directory (i.e. ``poky``), run the
````` <&YOCTO_DOCS_REF_URL;#structure-core-script>`__ environment
setup script to define the OpenEmbedded build environment on your
build host. $ source OE_INIT_FILE Among other things, the script
creates the :term:`Build Directory`,
which is
``build`` in this case and is located in the Source Directory. After
the script runs, your current working directory is set to the
``build`` directory.
4. *Make Sure You Are Building an Installer for the Correct Machine:*
Check to be sure that your
:term:`MACHINE` variable in the
``local.conf`` file in your Build Directory matches the architecture
for which you are building.
5. *Make Sure Your SDK Machine is Correctly Set:* If you are building a
toolchain designed to run on an architecture that differs from your
current development host machine (i.e. the build host), be sure that
the :term:`SDKMACHINE` variable
in the ``local.conf`` file in your Build Directory is correctly set.
.. note::
If you are building an SDK installer for the Extensible SDK, the
SDKMACHINE
value must be set for the architecture of the machine you are
using to build the installer. If
SDKMACHINE
is not set appropriately, the build fails and provides an error
message similar to the following:
::
The extensible SDK can currently only be built for the same architecture as the machine being built on - SDK_ARCH is
set to i686 (likely via setting SDKMACHINE) which is different from the architecture of the build machine (x86_64).
Unable to continue.
6. *Build the SDK Installer:* To build the SDK installer for a standard
SDK and populate the SDK image, use the following command form. Be
sure to replace image with an image (e.g. "core-image-sato"): $
bitbake image -c populate_sdk You can do the same for the extensible
SDK using this command form: $ bitbake image -c populate_sdk_ext
These commands produce an SDK installer that contains the sysroot
that matches your target root filesystem.
When the ``bitbake`` command completes, the SDK installer will be in
``tmp/deploy/sdk`` in the Build Directory.
.. note::
- By default, the previous BitBake command does not build static
binaries. If you want to use the toolchain to build these types
of libraries, you need to be sure your SDK has the appropriate
static development libraries. Use the
:term:`TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK`
variable inside your ``local.conf`` file before building the
SDK installer. Doing so ensures that the eventual SDK
installation process installs the appropriate library packages
as part of the SDK. Following is an example using ``libc``
static development libraries: TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK_append = "
libc-staticdev"
7. *Run the Installer:* You can now run the SDK installer from
``tmp/deploy/sdk`` in the Build Directory. Following is an example: $
cd ~/poky/build/tmp/deploy/sdk $
./poky-glibc-x86_64-core-image-sato-core2-64-toolchain-ext-DISTRO.sh
During execution of the script, you choose the root location for the
toolchain. See the "`Installed Standard SDK Directory
Structure <#sdk-installed-standard-sdk-directory-structure>`__"
section and the "`Installed Extensible SDK Directory
Structure <#sdk-installed-extensible-sdk-directory-structure>`__"
section for more information.
Extracting the Root Filesystem
==============================
After installing the toolchain, for some use cases you might need to
separately extract a root filesystem:
- You want to boot the image using NFS.
- You want to use the root filesystem as the target sysroot.
- You want to develop your target application using the root filesystem
as the target sysroot.
Follow these steps to extract the root filesystem:
1. *Locate and Download the Tarball for the Pre-Built Root Filesystem
Image File:* You need to find and download the root filesystem image
file that is appropriate for your target system. These files are kept
in machine-specific folders in the `Index of
Releases <&YOCTO_DL_URL;/releases/yocto/yocto-&DISTRO;/machines/>`__
in the "machines" directory.
The machine-specific folders of the "machines" directory contain
tarballs (``*.tar.bz2``) for supported machines. These directories
also contain flattened root filesystem image files (``*.ext4``),
which you can use with QEMU directly.
The pre-built root filesystem image files follow these naming
conventions: core-image-profile-arch.tar.bz2 Where: profile is the
filesystem image's profile: lsb, lsb-dev, lsb-sdk, minimal,
minimal-dev, minimal-initramfs, sato, sato-dev, sato-sdk,
sato-sdk-ptest. For information on these types of image profiles, see
the ":ref:`ref-manual/ref-images:Images`" chapter in the
Yocto Project Reference Manual. arch is a string representing the
target architecture: beaglebone-yocto, beaglebone-yocto-lsb,
edgerouter, edgerouter-lsb, genericx86, genericx86-64,
genericx86-64-lsb, genericx86-lsb and qemu*. The root filesystems
provided by the Yocto Project are based off of the
``core-image-sato`` and ``core-image-minimal`` images.
For example, if you plan on using a BeagleBone device as your target
hardware and your image is a ``core-image-sato-sdk`` image, you can
download the following file:
core-image-sato-sdk-beaglebone-yocto.tar.bz2
2. *Initialize the Cross-Development Environment:* You must ``source``
the cross-development environment setup script to establish necessary
environment variables.
This script is located in the top-level directory in which you
installed the toolchain (e.g. ``poky_sdk``).
Following is an example based on the toolchain installed in the
"`Locating Pre-Built SDK
Installers <#sdk-locating-pre-built-sdk-installers>`__" section: $
source ~/poky_sdk/environment-setup-core2-64-poky-linux
3. *Extract the Root Filesystem:* Use the ``runqemu-extract-sdk``
command and provide the root filesystem image.
Following is an example command that extracts the root filesystem
from a previously built root filesystem image that was downloaded
from the `Index of Releases <&YOCTO_DOCS_OM_URL;#index-downloads>`__.
This command extracts the root filesystem into the ``core2-64-sato``
directory: $ runqemu-extract-sdk
~/Downloads/core-image-sato-sdk-beaglebone-yocto.tar.bz2
~/beaglebone-sato You could now point to the target sysroot at
``beablebone-sato``.
Installed Standard SDK Directory Structure
==========================================
The following figure shows the resulting directory structure after you
install the Standard SDK by running the ``*.sh`` SDK installation
script:
.. image:: figures/sdk-installed-standard-sdk-directory.png
:scale: 80%
:align: center
The installed SDK consists of an environment setup script for the SDK, a
configuration file for the target, a version file for the target, and
the root filesystem (``sysroots``) needed to develop objects for the
target system.
Within the figure, italicized text is used to indicate replaceable
portions of the file or directory name. For example, install_dir/version
is the directory where the SDK is installed. By default, this directory
is ``/opt/poky/``. And, version represents the specific snapshot of the
SDK (e.g. ````). Furthermore, target represents the target architecture
(e.g. ``i586``) and host represents the development system's
architecture (e.g. ``x86_64``). Thus, the complete names of the two
directories within the ``sysroots`` could be ``i586-poky-linux`` and
``x86_64-pokysdk-linux`` for the target and host, respectively.
Installed Extensible SDK Directory Structure
============================================
The following figure shows the resulting directory structure after you
install the Extensible SDK by running the ``*.sh`` SDK installation
script:
.. image:: figures/sdk-installed-extensible-sdk-directory.png
:scale: 80%
:align: center
The installed directory structure for the extensible SDK is quite
different than the installed structure for the standard SDK. The
extensible SDK does not separate host and target parts in the same
manner as does the standard SDK. The extensible SDK uses an embedded
copy of the OpenEmbedded build system, which has its own sysroots.
Of note in the directory structure are an environment setup script for
the SDK, a configuration file for the target, a version file for the
target, and log files for the OpenEmbedded build system preparation
script run by the installer and BitBake.
Within the figure, italicized text is used to indicate replaceable
portions of the file or directory name. For example, install_dir is the
directory where the SDK is installed, which is ``poky_sdk`` by default,
and target represents the target architecture (e.g. ``i586``).
|
