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<!DOCTYPE chapter PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN"
"http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd"
[<!ENTITY % poky SYSTEM "../poky.ent"> %poky; ] >
<chapter id='adt-intro'>
<title>Introduction</title>
<para>
Welcome to the Yocto Project Application Developer's Guide.
This manual provides information that lets you begin developing applications
using the Yocto Project.
</para>
<para>
The Yocto Project provides an application development environment based on
an Application Development Toolkit (ADT) and the availability of stand-alone
cross-development toolchains and other tools.
This manual describes the ADT and how you can configure and install it,
how to access and use the cross-development toolchains, how to
customize the development packages installation,
how to use command line development for both Autotools-based and Makefile-based projects,
and an introduction to the Eclipse Yocto Plug-in.
<note>
The ADT is distribution-neutral and does not require the Yocto
Project reference distribution, which is called Poky.
This manual, however, uses examples that use the Poky distribution.
</note>
</para>
<section id='adt-intro-section'>
<title>The Application Development Toolkit (ADT)</title>
<para>
Part of the Yocto Project development solution is an Application Development
Toolkit (ADT).
The ADT provides you with a custom-built, cross-development
platform suited for developing a user-targeted product application.
</para>
<para>
Fundamentally, the ADT consists of the following:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>An architecture-specific cross-toolchain and matching
sysroot both built by the OpenEmbedded build system.
The toolchain and sysroot are based on a metadata configuration and extensions,
which allows you to cross-develop on the host machine for the target hardware.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>The Eclipse IDE Yocto Plug-in.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>The Quick EMUlator (QEMU), which lets you simulate target hardware.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>Various user-space tools that greatly enhance your application
development experience.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
<section id='the-cross-development-toolchain'>
<title>The Cross-Development Toolchain</title>
<para>
The
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#cross-development-toolchain'>Cross-Development Toolchain</ulink>
consists of a cross-compiler, cross-linker, and cross-debugger
that are used to develop user-space applications for targeted
hardware.
This toolchain is created either by running the ADT Installer
script, a toolchain installer script, or through a
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#build-directory'>Build Directory</ulink>
that is based on your metadata configuration or extension for
your targeted device.
The cross-toolchain works with a matching target sysroot.
</para>
</section>
<section id='sysroot'>
<title>Sysroot</title>
<para>
The matching target sysroot contains needed headers and libraries for generating
binaries that run on the target architecture.
The sysroot is based on the target root filesystem image that is built by
the OpenEmbedded build system and uses the same metadata configuration
used to build the cross-toolchain.
</para>
</section>
<section id='eclipse-overview'>
<title>Eclipse Yocto Plug-in</title>
<para>
The Eclipse IDE is a popular development environment and it fully supports
development using the Yocto Project.
When you install and configure the Eclipse Yocto Project Plug-in into
the Eclipse IDE, you maximize your Yocto Project experience.
Installing and configuring the Plug-in results in an environment that
has extensions specifically designed to let you more easily develop software.
These extensions allow for cross-compilation, deployment, and execution of
your output into a QEMU emulation session.
You can also perform cross-debugging and profiling.
The environment also supports a suite of tools that allows you to perform
remote profiling, tracing, collection of power data, collection of
latency data, and collection of performance data.
</para>
<para>
For information about the application development workflow that uses the Eclipse
IDE and for a detailed example of how to install and configure the Eclipse
Yocto Project Plug-in, see the
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#adt-eclipse'>Working Within Eclipse</ulink>" section
of the Yocto Project Development Manual.
</para>
</section>
<section id='the-qemu-emulator'>
<title>The QEMU Emulator</title>
<para>
The QEMU emulator allows you to simulate your hardware while running your
application or image.
QEMU is made available a number of ways:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>If you use the ADT Installer script to install ADT, you can
specify whether or not to install QEMU.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>If you have downloaded a Yocto Project release and unpacked
it to create a
<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_DEV_URL;#source-directory'>Source Directory</ulink> and
you have sourced
the environment setup script, QEMU is installed and automatically
available.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>If you have installed the cross-toolchain
tarball and you have sourcing the toolchain's setup environment script, QEMU
is also installed and automatically available.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
</section>
<section id='user-space-tools'>
<title>User-Space Tools</title>
<para>
User-space tools are included as part of the distribution.
You will find these tools helpful during development.
The tools include LatencyTOP, PowerTOP, OProfile, Perf, SystemTap, and Lttng-ust.
These tools are common development tools for the Linux platform.
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para><emphasis>LatencyTOP:</emphasis> LatencyTOP focuses on latency
that causes skips in audio,
stutters in your desktop experience, or situations that overload your server
even when you have plenty of CPU power left.
You can find out more about LatencyTOP at
<ulink url='http://www.latencytop.org/'></ulink>.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>PowerTOP:</emphasis> Helps you determine what
software is using the most power.
You can find out more about PowerTOP at
<ulink url='https://01.org/powertop/'></ulink>.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>OProfile:</emphasis> A system-wide profiler for Linux
systems that is capable of profiling all running code at low overhead.
You can find out more about OProfile at
<ulink url='http://oprofile.sourceforge.net/about/'></ulink>.
For examples on how to setup and use this tool, see the
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_PROF_URL;#profile-manual-oprofile'>OProfile</ulink>"
section in the Yocto Project Profiling and Tracing Manual.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Perf:</emphasis> Performance counters for Linux used
to keep track of certain types of hardware and software events.
For more information on these types of counters see
<ulink url='https://perf.wiki.kernel.org/'></ulink> and click
on “Perf tools.”
For examples on how to setup and use this tool, see the
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_PROF_URL;#profile-manual-perf'>perf</ulink>"
section in the Yocto Project Profiling and Tracing Manual.
</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>SystemTap:</emphasis> A free software infrastructure
that simplifies information gathering about a running Linux system.
This information helps you diagnose performance or functional problems.
SystemTap is not available as a user-space tool through the Eclipse IDE Yocto Plug-in.
See <ulink url='http://sourceware.org/systemtap'></ulink> for more information
on SystemTap.
For examples on how to setup and use this tool, see the
"<ulink url='&YOCTO_DOCS_PROF_URL;#profile-manual-systemtap'>SystemTap</ulink>"
section in the Yocto Project Profiling and Tracing Manual.</para></listitem>
<listitem><para><emphasis>Lttng-ust:</emphasis> A User-space Tracer designed to
provide detailed information on user-space activity.
See <ulink url='http://lttng.org/ust'></ulink> for more information on Lttng-ust.
</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
</section>
</section>
</chapter>
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