%poky; ] > Migrating to a Newer Yocto Project Release This chapter provides information you can use to migrate work to a newer Yocto Project release. You can find the same information in the release notes for a given release.
General Migration Considerations Some considerations are not tied to a specific Yocto Project release. This section presents information you should consider when migrating to any new Yocto Project release. Dealing with Customized Recipes: Issues could arise if you take older recipes that contain customizations and simply copy them forward expecting them to work after you migrate to new Yocto Project metadata. For example, suppose you have a recipe in your layer that is a customized version of a core recipe copied from the earlier release, rather than through the use of an append file. When you migrate to a newer version of Yocto Project, the metadata (e.g. perhaps an include file used by the recipe) could have changed in a way that would break the build. Say, for example, a function is removed from an include file and the customized recipe tries to call that function. You could "forward-port" all your customizations in your recipe so that everything works for the new release. However, this is not the optimal solution as you would have to repeat this process with each new release if changes occur that give rise to problems. The better solution (where practical) is to use append files (*.bbappend) to capture any customizations you want to make to a recipe. Doing so, isolates your changes from the main recipe making them much more manageable. However, sometimes it is not practical to use an append file. A good example of this is when introducing a newer or older version of a recipe in another layer. Updating Append Files: Since append files generally only contain your customizations, they often do not need to be adjusted for new releases. However, if the .bbappend file is specific to a particular version of the recipe (i.e. its name does not use the % wildcard) and the version of the recipe to which it is appending has changed, then you will at a minimum need to rename the append file to match the name of the recipe file. A mismatch between an append file and its corresponding recipe file (.bb) will trigger an error during parsing. Depending on the type of customization the append file applies, other incompatibilities might occur when you upgrade. For example, if your append file applies a patch and the recipe to which it is appending is updated to a newer version, the patch might no longer apply. If this is the case and assuming the patch is still needed, you must modify the patch file so that it does apply.
Moving to the Yocto Project 1.3 Release This section provides migration information for moving to the Yocto Project 1.3 Release from the prior release.
Local Configuration Differences include changes for SSTATE_MIRRORS and bblayers.conf.
SSTATE_MIRRORS The shared state cache (sstate-cache), as pointed to by SSTATE_DIR, by default now has two-character subdirectories to prevent issues arising from too many files in the same directory. Also, native sstate-cache packages will go into a subdirectory named using the distro ID string. If you copy the newly structured sstate-cache to a mirror location (either local or remote) and then point to it in SSTATE_MIRRORS, you need to append "PATH" to the end of the mirror URL so that the path used by BitBake before the mirror substitution is appended to the path used to access the mirror. Here is an example: SSTATE_MIRRORS = "file://.* http://someserver.tld/share/sstate/PATH"
bblayers.conf The meta-yocto layer consists of two parts that correspond to the Poky reference distribution and the reference hardware Board Support Packages (BSPs), respectively: meta-yocto and meta-yocto-bsp. When running BitBake or Hob for the first time after upgrading, your conf/bblayers.conf file will be updated to handle this change and you will be asked to re-run or restart for the changes to take effect.
Recipes Differences include changes for the following: Python function whitespace proto= in SRC_URI nativesdk Task recipes IMAGE_FEATURES Removed recipes
Python Function Whitespace All Python functions must now use four spaces for indentation. Previously, an inconsistent mix of spaces and tabs existed, which made extending these functions using _append or _prepend complicated given that Python treats whitespace as syntactically significant. If you are defining or extending any Python functions (e.g. populate_packages, do_unpack, do_patch and so forth) in custom recipes or classes, you need to ensure you are using consistent four-space indentation.
proto= in SRC_URI Any use of proto= in SRC_URI needs to be changed to protocol=. In particular, this applies to the following URIs: svn:// bzr:// hg:// osc:// Other URIs were already using protocol=. This change improves consistency.
nativesdk The suffix nativesdk is now implemented as a prefix, which simplifies a lot of the packaging code for nativesdk recipes. All custom nativesdk recipes and any references need to be updated to use nativesdk-* instead of *-nativesdk.
Task Recipes "Task" recipes are now known as "Package groups" and have been renamed from task-*.bb to packagegroup-*.bb. Existing references to the previous task-* names should work in most cases as there is an automatic upgrade path for most packages. However, you should update references in your own recipes and configurations as they could be removed in future releases. You should also rename any custom task-* recipes to packagegroup-*, and change them to inherit packagegroup instead of task, as well as taking the opportunity to remove anything now handled by packagegroup.bbclass, such as providing -dev and -dbg packages, setting LIC_FILES_CHKSUM, and so forth. See the "packagegroup.bbclass" section for further details.
IMAGE_FEATURES Image recipes that previously included "apps-console-core" in IMAGE_FEATURES should now include "splash" instead to enable the boot-up splash screen. Retaining "apps-console-core" will still include the splash screen but generates a warning. The "apps-x11-core" and "apps-x11-games" IMAGE_FEATURES features have been removed.
Removed Recipes The following recipes have been removed. For most of them, it is unlikely that you would have any references to them in your own Metadata. However, you should check your metadata against this list to be sure: libx11-trim: Replaced by libx11, which has a negligible size difference with modern Xorg. xserver-xorg-lite: Use xserver-xorg, which has a negligible size difference when DRI and GLX modules are not installed. xserver-kdrive: Effectively unmaintained for many years. mesa-xlib: No longer serves any purpose. galago: Replaced by telepathy. gail: Functionality was integrated into GTK+ 2.13. eggdbus: No longer needed. gcc-*-intermediate: The build has been restructured to avoid the need for this step. libgsmd: Unmaintained for many years. Functionality now provided by ofono instead. contacts, dates, tasks, eds-tools: Largely unmaintained PIM application suite. It has been moved to meta-gnome in meta-openembedded. In addition to the previously listed changes, the meta-demoapps directory has also been removed because the recipes in it were not being maintained and many had become obsolete or broken. Additionally, these recipes were not parsed in the default configuration. Many of these recipes are already provided in an updated and maintained form within the OpenEmbedded community layers such as meta-oe and meta-gnome. For the remainder, you can now find them in the meta-extras repository, which is in the Yocto Project Source Repositories.
Linux Kernel Naming The naming scheme for kernel output binaries has been changed to now include PE as part of the filename: KERNEL_IMAGE_BASE_NAME ?= "${KERNEL_IMAGETYPE}-${PE}-${PV}-${PR}-${MACHINE}-${DATETIME}" Because the PE variable is not set by default, these binary files could result with names that include two dash characters. Here is an example: bzImage--3.10.9+git0+cd502a8814_7144bcc4b8-r0-qemux86-64-20130830085431.bin
Moving to the Yocto Project 1.4 Release This section provides migration information for moving to the Yocto Project 1.4 Release from the prior release.
BitBake Differences include the following: Comment Continuation: If a comment ends with a line continuation (\) character, then the next line must also be a comment. Any instance where this is not the case, now triggers a warning. You must either remove the continuation character, or be sure the next line is a comment. Package Name Overrides: The runtime package specific variables RDEPENDS, RRECOMMENDS, RSUGGESTS, RPROVIDES, RCONFLICTS, RREPLACES, FILES, ALLOW_EMPTY, and the pre, post, install, and uninstall script functions pkg_preinst, pkg_postinst, pkg_prerm, and pkg_postrm should always have a package name override. For example, use RDEPENDS_${PN} for the main package instead of RDEPENDS. BitBake uses more strict checks when it parses recipes.
Build Behavior Differences include the following: Shared State Code: The shared state code has been optimized to avoid running unnecessary tasks. For example, the following no longer populates the target sysroot since that is not necessary: $ bitbake -c rootfs some-image Instead, the system just needs to extract the output package contents, re-create the packages, and construct the root filesystem. This change is unlikely to cause any problems unless you have missing declared dependencies. Scanning Directory Names: When scanning for files in SRC_URI, the build system now uses FILESOVERRIDES instead of OVERRIDES for the directory names. In general, the values previously in OVERRIDES are now in FILESOVERRIDES as well. However, if you relied upon an additional value you previously added to OVERRIDES, you might now need to add it to FILESOVERRIDES unless you are already adding it through the MACHINEOVERRIDES or DISTROOVERRIDES variables, as appropriate. For more related changes, see the "Variables" section.
Proxies and Fetching Source A new oe-git-proxy script has been added to replace previous methods of handling proxies and fetching source from Git. See the meta-yocto/conf/site.conf.sample file for information on how to use this script.
Custom Interfaces File (netbase change) If you have created your own custom etc/network/interfaces file by creating an append file for the netbase recipe, you now need to create an append file for the init-ifupdown recipe instead, which you can find in the Source Directory at meta/recipes-core/init-ifupdown. For information on how to use append files, see the "Using .bbappend Files" in the Yocto Project Development Manual.
Remote Debugging Support for remote debugging with the Eclipse IDE is now separated into an image feature (eclipse-debug) that corresponds to the packagegroup-core-eclipse-debug package group. Previously, the debugging feature was included through the tools-debug image feature, which corresponds to the packagegroup-core-tools-debug package group.
Variables The following variables have changed: SANITY_TESTED_DISTROS: This variable now uses a distribution ID, which is composed of the host distributor ID followed by the release. Previously, SANITY_TESTED_DISTROS was composed of the description field. For example, "Ubuntu 12.10" becomes "Ubuntu-12.10". You do not need to worry about this change if you are not specifically setting this variable, or if you are specifically setting it to "". SRC_URI: The ${PN}, ${PF}, ${P}, and FILE_DIRNAME directories have been dropped from the default value of the FILESPATH variable, which is used as the search path for finding files referred to in SRC_URI. If you have a recipe that relied upon these directories, which would be unusual, then you will need to add the appropriate paths within the recipe or, alternatively, rearrange the files. The most common locations are still covered by ${BP}, ${BPN}, and "files", which all remain in the default value of FILESPATH.
Target Package Management with RPM If runtime package management is enabled and the RPM backend is selected, Smart is now installed for package download, dependency resolution, and upgrades instead of Zypper. For more information on how to use Smart, run the following command on the target: smart --help
Recipes Moved The following recipes were moved from their previous locations because they are no longer used by anything in the OpenEmbedded-Core: clutter-box2d: Now resides in the meta-oe layer. evolution-data-server: Now resides in the meta-gnome layer. gthumb: Now resides in the meta-gnome layer. gtkhtml2: Now resides in the meta-oe layer. gupnp: Now resides in the meta-multimedia layer. gypsy: Now resides in the meta-oe layer. libcanberra: Now resides in the meta-gnome layer. libgdata: Now resides in the meta-gnome layer. libmusicbrainz: Now resides in the meta-multimedia layer. metacity: Now resides in the meta-gnome layer. polkit: Now resides in the meta-oe layer. zeroconf: Now resides in the meta-networking layer.
Removals and Renames The following list shows what has been removed or renamed: evieext: Removed because it has been removed from xserver since 2008. Gtk+ DirectFB: Removed support because upstream Gtk+ no longer supports it as of version 2.18. libxfontcache / xfontcacheproto: Removed because they were removed from the Xorg server in 2008. libxp / libxprintapputil / libxprintutil / printproto: Removed because the XPrint server was removed from Xorg in 2008. libxtrap / xtrapproto: Removed because their functionality was broken upstream. linux-yocto 3.0 kernel: Removed with linux-yocto 3.8 kernel being added. The linux-yocto 3.2 and linux-yocto 3.4 kernels remain as part of the release. lsbsetup: Removed with functionality now provided by lsbtest. matchbox-stroke: Removed because it was never more than a proof-of-concept. matchbox-wm-2 / matchbox-theme-sato-2: Removed because they are not maintained. However, matchbox-wm and matchbox-theme-sato are still provided. mesa-dri: Renamed to mesa. mesa-xlib: Removed because it was no longer useful. mutter: Removed because nothing ever uses it and the recipe is very old. orinoco-conf: Removed because it has become obsolete. update-modules: Removed because it is no longer used. The kernel module postinstall and postrm scripts can now do the same task without the use of this script. web: Removed because it is not maintained. Superseded by web-webkit. xf86bigfontproto: Removed because upstream it has been disabled by default since 2007. Nothing uses xf86bigfontproto. xf86rushproto: Removed because its dependency in xserver was spurious and it was removed in 2005. zypper / libzypp / sat-solver: Removed and been functionally replaced with Smart (python-smartpm) when RPM packaging is used and package management is enabled on the target.
Moving to the Yocto Project 1.5 Release This section provides migration information for moving to the Yocto Project 1.5 Release from the prior release.
Host Dependency Changes The OpenEmbedded build system now has some additional requirements on the host system: Python 2.7.3+ Tar 1.24+ Git 1.7.8+ Patched version of Make if you are using 3.82. Most distributions that provide Make 3.82 use the patched version. If the Linux distribution you are using on your build host does not provide packages for these, you can install and use the Buildtools tarball, which provides an SDK-like environment containing them. For more information on this requirement, see the "Required Git, tar, and Python Versions" section.
<filename>atom-pc</filename> Board Support Package (BSP) The atom-pc hardware reference BSP has been replaced by a genericx86 BSP. This BSP is not necessarily guaranteed to work on all x86 hardware, but it will run on a wider range of systems than the atom-pc did. Additionally, a genericx86-64 BSP has been added for 64-bit Atom systems.
BitBake The following changes have been made that relate to BitBake: BitBake now supports a _remove operator. The addition of this operator means you will have to rename any items in recipe space (functions, variables) whose names currently contain _remove_ or end with _remove to avoid unexpected behavior. BitBake's global method pool has been removed. This method is not particularly useful and led to clashes between recipes containing functions that had the same name. The "none" server backend has been removed. The "process" server backend has been serving well as the default for a long time now. The bitbake-runtask script has been removed. ${P} and ${PF} are no longer added to PROVIDES by default in bitbake.conf. These version-specific PROVIDES items were seldom used. Attempting to use them could result in two versions being built simultaneously rather than just one version due to the way BitBake resolves dependencies.
QA Warnings The following changes have been made to the package QA checks: If you have customized ERROR_QA or WARN_QA values in your configuration, check that they contain all of the issues that you wish to be reported. Previous Yocto Project versions contained a bug that meant that any item not mentioned in ERROR_QA or WARN_QA would be treated as a warning. Consequently, several important items were not already in the default value of WARN_QA. All of the possible QA checks are now documented in the "insane.bbclass" section. An additional QA check has been added to check if /usr/share/info/dir is being installed. Your recipe should delete this file within do_install if "make install" is installing it. If you are using the buildhistory class, the check for the package version going backwards is now controlled using a standard QA check. Thus, if you have customized your ERROR_QA or WARN_QA values and still wish to have this check performed, you should add "version-going-backwards" to your value for one or the other variables depending on how you wish it to be handled. See the documented QA checks in the "insane.bbclass" section.
Directory Layout Changes The following directory changes exist: Output SDK installer files are now named to include the image name and tuning architecture through the SDK_NAME variable. Images and related files are now installed into a directory that is specific to the machine, instead of a parent directory containing output files for multiple machines. The DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE variable continues to point to the directory containing images for the current MACHINE and should be used anywhere there is a need to refer to this directory. The runqemu script now uses this variable to find images and kernel binaries and will use BitBake to determine the directory. Alternatively, you can set the DEPLOY_DIR_IMAGE variable in the external environment. When buildhistory is enabled, its output is now written under the Build Directory rather than TMPDIR. Doing so makes it easier to delete TMPDIR and preserve the build history. Additionally, data for produced SDKs is now split by IMAGE_NAME. The pkgdata directory produced as part of the packaging process has been collapsed into a single machine-specific directory. This directory is located under sysroots and uses a machine-specific name (i.e. tmp/sysroots/machine/pkgdata).
Shortened Git <filename>SRCREV</filename> Values BitBake will now shorten revisions from Git repositories from the normal 40 characters down to 10 characters within SRCPV for improved usability in path and file names. This change should be safe within contexts where these revisions are used because the chances of spatially close collisions is very low. Distant collisions are not a major issue in the way the values are used.
<filename>IMAGE_FEATURES</filename> The following changes have been made that relate to IMAGE_FEATURES: The value of IMAGE_FEATURES is now validated to ensure invalid feature items are not added. Some users mistakenly add package names to this variable instead of using IMAGE_INSTALL in order to have the package added to the image, which does not work. This change is intended to catch those kinds of situations. Valid IMAGE_FEATURES are drawn from PACKAGE_GROUP definitions, COMPLEMENTARY_GLOB and a new "validitems" varflag on IMAGE_FEATURES. The "validitems" varflag change allows additional features to be added if they are not provided using the previous two mechanisms. The previously deprecated "apps-console-core" IMAGE_FEATURES item is no longer supported. Add "splash" to IMAGE_FEATURES if you wish to have the splash screen enabled, since this is all that apps-console-core was doing.
<filename>/run</filename> The /run directory from the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard 3.0 has been introduced. You can find some of the implications for this change here. The change also means that recipes that install files to /var/run must be changed. You can find a guide on how to make these changes here.
Removal of Package Manager Database Within Image Recipes The image core-image-minimal no longer adds remove_packaging_data_files to ROOTFS_POSTPROCESS_COMMAND. This addition is now handled automatically when "package-management" is not in IMAGE_FEATURES. If you have custom image recipes that make this addition, you should remove the lines, as they are not needed and might interfere with correct operation of postinstall scripts.
Images Now Rebuild Only on Changes Instead of Every Time The do_rootfs and other related image construction tasks are no longer marked as "nostamp". Consequently, they will only be re-executed when their inputs have changed. Previous versions of the OpenEmbedded build system always rebuilt the image when requested rather when necessary.
Task Recipes The previously deprecated task.bbclass has now been dropped. For recipes that previously inherited from this class, you should rename them from task-* to packagegroup-* and inherit packagegroup instead. For more information, see the "packagegroup.bbclass" section.
BusyBox By default, we now split BusyBox into two binaries: one that is suid root for those components that need it, and another for the rest of the components. Splitting BusyBox allows for optimization that eliminates the tinylogin recipe as recommended by upstream. You can disable this split by setting BUSYBOX_SPLIT_SUID to "0".
Automated Image Testing A new automated image testing framework has been added through the testimage*.bbclass class. This framework replaces the older imagetest-qemu framework. You can learn more about performing automated image tests in the "Performing Automated Runtime Testing" section.
Build History Following are changes to Build History: Installed package sizes: installed-package-sizes.txt for an image now records the size of the files installed by each package instead of the size of each compressed package archive file. The dependency graphs (depends*.dot) now use the actual package names instead of replacing dashes, dots and plus signs with underscores. The buildhistory-diff and buildhistory-collect-srcrevs utilities have improved command-line handling. Use the ‐‐help option for each utility for more information on the new syntax. For more information on Build History, see the "Maintaining Build Output Quality" section.
<filename>udev</filename> Following are changes to udev: udev no longer brings in udev-extraconf automatically through RRECOMMENDS, since this was originally intended to be optional. If you need the extra rules, then add udev-extraconf to your image. udev no longer brings in pciutils-ids or usbutils-ids through RRECOMMENDS. These are not needed by udev itself and removing them saves around 350KB.
Removed and Renamed Recipes The linux-yocto 3.2 kernel has been removed. libtool-nativesdk has been renamed to nativesdk-libtool. tinylogin has been removed. It has been replaced by a suid portion of Busybox. See the "BusyBox" section for more information. external-python-tarball has been renamed to buildtools-tarball. web-webkit has been removed. It has been functionally replaced by midori. imake has been removed. It is no longer needed by any other recipe. transfig-native has been removed. It is no longer needed by any other recipe. anjuta-remote-run has been removed. Anjuta IDE integration has not been officially supported for several releases.
Other Changes Following is a list of short entries describing other changes: run-postinsts: Make this generic. base-files: Remove the unnecessary media/xxx directories. alsa-state: Provide an empty asound.conf by default. classes/image: Ensure BAD_RECOMMENDATIONS supports pre-renamed package names. classes/rootfs_rpm: Implement BAD_RECOMMENDATIONS for RPM. systemd: Remove systemd_unitdir if systemd is not in DISTRO_FEATURES. systemd: Remove init.d dir if systemd unit file is present and sysvinit is not a distro feature. libpam: Deny all services for the OTHER entries. image.bbclass: Move runtime_mapping_rename to avoid conflict with multilib. See YOCTO #4993 in Bugzilla for more information. linux-dtb: Use kernel build system to generate the dtb files. kern-tools: Switch from guilt to new kgit-s2q tool.
Moving to the Yocto Project 1.6 Release This section provides migration information for moving to the Yocto Project 1.6 Release from the prior release.
<filename>archiver</filename> Class The archiver class has been rewritten and its configuration has been simplified. For more details on the source archiver, see the "Maintaining Open Source License Compliance During Your Product's Lifecycle" section in the Yocto Project Development Manual.
Packaging Changes The following packaging changes have been made: The binutils recipe no longer produces a binutils-symlinks package. update-alternatives is now used to handle the preferred binutils variant on the target instead. The tc (traffic control) utilities have been split out of the main iproute2 package and put into the iproute2-tc package. The gtk-engines schemas have been moved to a dedicated gtk-engines-schemas package. The armv7a with thumb package architecture suffix has changed. The suffix for these packages with the thumb optimization enabled is "t2" as it should be. Use of this suffix was not the case in the 1.5 release. Architecture names will change within package feeds as a result.
BitBake The following changes have been made to BitBake.
Matching Branch Requirement for Git Fetching When fetching source from a Git repository using SRC_URI, BitBake will now validate the SRCREV value against the branch. You can specify the branch using the following form: SRC_URI = "git://server.name/repository;branch=branchname" If you do not specify a branch, BitBake looks in the default "master" branch. Alternatively, if you need to bypass this check (e.g. if you are fetching a revision corresponding to a tag that is not on any branch), you can add ";nobranch=1" to the end of the URL within SRC_URI.
Python Definition substitutions BitBake had some previously deprecated Python definitions within its bb module removed. You should use their sub-module counterparts instead: bb.MalformedUrl: Use bb.fetch.MalformedUrl. bb.fetch.encodeurl: Use bb.fetch.encodeurl. bb.decodeurl: Use bb.fetch.decodeurl bb.mkdirhier: Use bb.utils.mkdirhier. bb.movefile: Use bb.utils.movefile. bb.copyfile: Use bb.utils.copyfile. bb.which: Use bb.utils.which. bb.vercmp_string: Use bb.utils.vercmp_string. bb.vercmp: Use bb.utils.vercmp.
SVK Fetcher The SVK fetcher has been removed from BitBake.
Console Output Error Redirection The BitBake console UI will now output errors to stderr instead of stdout. Consequently, if you are piping or redirecting the output of bitbake to somewhere else, and you wish to retain the errors, you will need to add 2>&1 (or something similar) to the end of your bitbake command line.
<filename>task-</filename><replaceable>taskname</replaceable> Overrides task-taskname overrides have been adjusted so that tasks whose names contain underscores have the underscores replaced by hyphens for the override so that they now function properly. For example, the task override for do_populate_sdk is task-populate-sdk.
Changes to Variables The following variables have changed. For information on the OpenEmbedded build system variables, see the "Variables Glossary" Chapter.
<filename>TMPDIR</filename> TMPDIR can no longer be on an NFS mount. NFS does not offer full POSIX locking and inode consistency and can cause unexpected issues if used to store TMPDIR. The check for this occurs on startup. If TMPDIR is detected on an NFS mount, an error occurs.
<filename>PRINC</filename> The PRINC variable has been deprecated and triggers a warning if detected during a build. For PR increments on changes, use the PR service instead. You can find out more about this service in the "Working With a PR Service" section in the Yocto Project Development Manual.
<filename>IMAGE_TYPES</filename> The "sum.jffs2" option for IMAGE_TYPES has been replaced by the "jffs2.sum" option, which fits the processing order.
<filename>COPY_LIC_MANIFEST</filename> The COPY_LIC_MANIFEST variable must now be set to "1" rather than any value in order to enable it.
<filename>COPY_LIC_DIRS</filename> The COPY_LIC_DIRS variable must now be set to "1" rather than any value in order to enable it.
<filename>PACKAGE_GROUP</filename> The PACKAGE_GROUP variable has been renamed to FEATURE_PACKAGES to more accurately reflect its purpose. You can still use PACKAGE_GROUP but the OpenEmbedded build system produces a warning message when it encounters the variable.
Directory Layout Changes The meta-hob layer has been removed from the top-level of the Source Directory. The contents of this layer are no longer needed by the Hob user interface for building images and toolchains.
Package Test (ptest) Package Tests (ptest) are built but not installed by default. For information on using Package Tests, see the "Setting up and running package test (ptest)" section in the Yocto Project Development Manual. For information on the ptest class, see the "ptest.bbclass" section.
Build Changes Separate build and source directories have been enabled by default for selected recipes where it is known to work (a whitelist) and for all recipes that inherit the cmake class. In future releases the autotools class will enable a separate build directory by default as well. Recipes building Autotools-based software that fails to build with a separate build directory should be changed to inherit from the autotools-brokensep class instead of the autotools class.
<filename>qemu-native</filename> qemu-native now builds without SDL-based graphical output support by default. The following additional lines are needed in your local.conf to enable it: PACKAGECONFIG_pn-qemu-native = "sdl" ASSUME_PROVIDED += "libsdl-native" The default local.conf contains these statements. Consequently, if you are building a headless system and using a default local.conf file, you will need comment these two lines out.
<filename>core-image-basic</filename> core-image-basic has been renamed to core-image-full-cmdline. In addition to core-image-basic being renamed, packagegroup-core-basic has been renamed to packagegroup-core-full-cmdline to match.
Licensing The top-level LICENSE file has been changed to better describe the license of the various components of OE-Core. However, the licensing itself remains unchanged. Normally, this change would not cause any side-effects. However, some recipes point to this file within LIC_FILES_CHKSUM (as ${COREBASE}/LICENSE) and thus the accompanying checksum must be changed from 3f40d7994397109285ec7b81fdeb3b58 to 4d92cd373abda3937c2bc47fbc49d690. A better alternative is to have LIC_FILES_CHKSUM point to a file describing the license that is distributed with the source that the recipe is building, if possible, rather than pointing to ${COREBASE}/LICENSE.
<filename>CFLAGS</filename> Options The "-fpermissive" option has been removed from the default CFLAGS value. You need to take action on individual recipes that fail when building with this option. You need to either patch the recipes to fix the issues reported by the compiler, or you need to add "-fpermissive" to CFLAGS in the recipes.
Custom Image Output Types Custom image output types, as selected using IMAGE_FSTYPES, must declare their dependencies on other image types (if any) using a new IMAGE_TYPEDEP variable.
Tasks The do_package_write task has been removed. The task is no longer needed.
<filename>update-alternative</filename> Provider The default update-alternatives provider has been changed from opkg to opkg-utils. This change resolves some troublesome circular dependencies. The runtime package has also been renamed from update-alternatives-cworth to update-alternatives-opkg.
<filename>virtclass</filename> Overrides The virtclass overrides are now deprecated. Use the equivalent class overrides instead (e.g. virtclass-native becomes class-native.)
Removed and Renamed Recipes The following recipes have been removed: packagegroup-toolset-native - This recipe is largely unused. linux-yocto-3.8 - Support for the Linux yocto 3.8 kernel has been dropped. Support for the 3.10 and 3.14 kernels have been added with the linux-yocto-3.10 and linux-yocto-3.14 recipes. ocf-linux - This recipe has been functionally replaced using cryptodev-linux. genext2fs - genext2fs is no longer used by the build system and is unmaintained upstream. js - This provided an ancient version of Mozilla's javascript engine that is no longer needed. zaurusd - The recipe has been moved to the meta-handheld layer. eglibc 2.17 - Replaced by the eglibc 2.19 recipe. gcc 4.7.2 - Replaced by the now stable gcc 4.8.2. external-sourcery-toolchain - this recipe is now maintained in the meta-sourcery layer. linux-libc-headers-yocto 3.4+git - Now using version 3.10 of the linux-libc-headers by default. meta-toolchain-gmae - This recipe is obsolete. packagegroup-core-sdk-gmae - This recipe is obsolete. packagegroup-core-standalone-gmae-sdk-target - This recipe is obsolete.
Removed Classes The following classes have become obsolete and have been removed: module_strip pkg_metainfo pkg_distribute image-empty
Reference Board Support Packages (BSPs) The following reference BSPs changes occurred: The BeagleBoard (beagleboard) ARM reference hardware has been replaced by the BeagleBone (beaglebone) hardware. The RouterStation Pro (routerstationpro) MIPS reference hardware has been replaced by the EdgeRouter Lite (edgerouter) hardware. The previous reference BSPs for the beagleboard and routerstationpro machines are still available in a new meta-yocto-bsp-old layer in the Source Repositories at http://git.yoctoproject.org/cgit/cgit.cgi/meta-yocto-bsp-old/.
Moving to the Yocto Project 1.7 Release This section provides migration information for moving to the Yocto Project 1.7 Release from the prior release.
Changes to Setting QEMU <filename>PACKAGECONFIG</filename> Options in <filename>local.conf</filename> The QEMU recipe now uses a number of PACKAGECONFIG options to enable various optional features. The method used to set defaults for these options means that existing local.conf files will need to be be modified to append to PACKAGECONFIG for qemu-native and nativesdk-qemu instead of setting it. In other words, to enable graphical output for QEMU, you should now have these lines in local.conf: PACKAGECONFIG_append_pn-qemu-native = " sdl" PACKAGECONFIG_append_pn-nativesdk-qemu = " sdl"
Minimum Git version The minimum Git version required on the build host is now 1.7.8 because the ‐‐list option is now required by BitBake's Git fetcher. As always, if your host distribution does not provide a version of Git that meets this requirement, you can use the buildtools-tarball that does. See the "Required Git, tar, and Python Versions" section for more information.
Autotools Class Changes The following autotools class changes occurred: A separate build directory is now used by default: The autotools class has been changed to use a directory for building (B), which is separate from the source directory (S). This is commonly referred to as B != S, or an out-of-tree build. If the software being built is already capable of building in a directory separate from the source, you do not need to do anything. However, if the software is not capable of being built in this manner, you will need to either patch the software so that it can build separately, or you will need to change the recipe to inherit the autotools-brokensep class instead of the autotools class. The ‐‐foreign option is no longer passed to automake when running autoconf: This option tells automake that a particular software package does not follow the GNU standards and therefore should not be expected to distribute certain files such as ChangeLog, AUTHORS, and so forth. Because the majority of upstream software packages already tell automake to enable foreign mode themselves, the option is mostly superfluous. However, some recipes will need patches for this change. You can easily make the change by patching configure.ac so that it passes "foreign" to AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(). See this commit for an example showing how to make the patch.
Binary Configuration Scripts Disabled Some of the core recipes that package binary configuration scripts now disable the scripts due to the scripts previously requiring error-prone path substitution. Software that links against these libraries using these scripts should use the much more robust pkg-config instead. The list of recipes changed in this version (and their configuration scripts) is as follows: directfb (directfb-config) freetype (freetype-config) gpgme (gpgme-config) libassuan (libassuan-config) libcroco (croco-6.0-config) libgcrypt (libgcrypt-config) libgpg-error (gpg-error-config) libksba (ksba-config) libpcap (pcap-config) libpcre (pcre-config) libpng (libpng-config, libpng16-config) libsdl (sdl-config) libusb-compat (libusb-config) libxml2 (xml2-config) libxslt (xslt-config) ncurses (ncurses-config) neon (neon-config) npth (npth-config) pth (pth-config) taglib (taglib-config) Additionally, support for pkg-config has been added to some recipes in the previous list in the rare cases where the upstream software package does not already provide it.
<filename>eglibc 2.19</filename> Replaced with <filename>glibc 2.20</filename> Because eglibc and glibc were already fairly close, this replacement should not require any significant changes to other software that links to eglibc. However, there were a number of minor changes in glibc 2.20 upstream that could require patching some software (e.g. the removal of the _BSD_SOURCE feature test macro). glibc 2.20 requires version 2.6.32 or greater of the Linux kernel. Thus, older kernels will no longer be usable in conjunction with it. For full details on the changes in glibc 2.20, see the upstream release notes here.
Kernel Module Autoloading The module_autoload_* variable is now deprecated and a new KERNEL_MODULE_AUTOLOAD variable should be used instead. Also, module_conf_* must now be used in conjunction with a new KERNEL_MODULE_PROBECONF variable. The new variables no longer require you to specify the module name as part of the variable name. This change not only simplifies usage but also allows the values of these variables to be appropriately incorporated into task signatures and thus trigger the appropriate tasks to re-execute when changed. You should replace any references to module_autoload_* with KERNEL_MODULE_AUTOLOAD, and add any modules for which module_conf_* is specified to KERNEL_MODULE_PROBECONF. For more information, see the KERNEL_MODULE_AUTOLOAD and KERNEL_MODULE_PROBECONF variables.
QA Check Changes The following changes have occurred to the QA check process: Additional QA checks file-rdeps and build-deps have been added in order to verify that file dependencies are satisfied (e.g. package contains a script requiring /bin/bash) and build-time dependencies are declared, respectively. For more information, please see the "QA Error and Warning Messages" chapter. Package QA checks are now performed during a new do_package_qa task rather than being part of the do_package task. This allows more parallel execution. This change is unlikely to be an issue except for highly customized recipes that disable packaging tasks themselves by marking them as noexec. For those packages, you will need to disable the do_package_qa task as well. Files being overwritten during the do_populate_sysroot task now trigger an error instead of a warning. Recipes should not be overwriting files written to the sysroot by other recipes. If you have these types of recipes, you need to alter them so that they do not overwrite these files. You might now receive this error after changes in configuration or metadata resulting in orphaned files being left in the sysroot. If you do receive this error, the way to resolve the issue is to delete your TMPDIR or to move it out of the way and then re-start the build. Anything that has been fully built up to that point and does not need rebuilding will be restored from the shared state cache and the rest of the build will be able to proceed as normal.
Removed Recipes The following recipes have been removed: x-load: This recipe has been superseded by U-boot SPL for all Cortex-based TI SoCs. For legacy boards, the meta-ti layer, which contains a maintained recipe, should be used instead. ubootchart: This recipe is obsolete. A bootchart2 recipe has been added to functionally replace it. linux-yocto 3.4: Support for the linux-yocto 3.4 kernel has been dropped. Support for the 3.10 and 3.14 kernels remains, while support for version 3.17 has been added. eglibc has been removed in favor of glibc. See the "eglibc 2.19 Replaced with glibc 2.20" section for more information.
Miscellaneous Changes The following miscellaneous change occurred: The build history feature now writes build-id.txt instead of build-id. Additionally, build-id.txt now contains the full build header as printed by BitBake upon starting the build. You should manually remove old "build-id" files from your existing build history repositories to avoid confusion. For information on the build history feature, see the "Maintaining Build Output Quality" section.