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1 | .. SPDX-License-Identifier: CC-BY-SA-2.0-UK | ||
2 | |||
3 | ***************** | ||
4 | Obtaining the SDK | ||
5 | ***************** | ||
6 | |||
7 | Locating Pre-Built SDK Installers | ||
8 | ================================= | ||
9 | |||
10 | You can use existing, pre-built toolchains by locating and running an | ||
11 | SDK installer script that ships with the Yocto Project. Using this | ||
12 | method, you select and download an architecture-specific SDK installer | ||
13 | and then run the script to hand-install the toolchain. | ||
14 | |||
15 | Follow these steps to locate and hand-install the toolchain: | ||
16 | |||
17 | 1. *Go to the Installers Directory:* Go to | ||
18 | :yocto_dl:`/releases/yocto/yocto-&DISTRO;/toolchain/` | ||
19 | |||
20 | 2. *Open the Folder for Your Build Host:* Open the folder that matches | ||
21 | your :term:`Build Host` (i.e. | ||
22 | ``i686`` for 32-bit machines or ``x86_64`` for 64-bit machines). | ||
23 | |||
24 | 3. *Locate and Download the SDK Installer:* You need to find and | ||
25 | download the installer appropriate for your build host, target | ||
26 | hardware, and image type. | ||
27 | |||
28 | The installer files (``*.sh``) follow this naming convention: | ||
29 | :: | ||
30 | |||
31 | poky-glibc-host_system-core-image-type-arch-toolchain[-ext]-release.sh | ||
32 | |||
33 | Where: | ||
34 | host_system is a string representing your development system: | ||
35 | "i686" or "x86_64" | ||
36 | |||
37 | type is a string representing the image: | ||
38 | "sato" or "minimal" | ||
39 | |||
40 | arch is a string representing the target architecture: | ||
41 | "aarch64", "armv5e", "core2-64", "coretexa8hf-neon", "i586", "mips32r2", | ||
42 | "mips64", or "ppc7400" | ||
43 | |||
44 | release is the version of Yocto Project. | ||
45 | |||
46 | NOTE: | ||
47 | The standard SDK installer does not have the "-ext" string as | ||
48 | part of the filename. | ||
49 | |||
50 | |||
51 | The toolchains provided by the Yocto | ||
52 | Project are based off of the ``core-image-sato`` and | ||
53 | ``core-image-minimal`` images and contain libraries appropriate for | ||
54 | developing against those images. | ||
55 | |||
56 | For example, if your build host is a 64-bit x86 system and you need | ||
57 | an extended SDK for a 64-bit core2 target, go into the ``x86_64`` | ||
58 | folder and download the following installer: | ||
59 | :: | ||
60 | |||
61 | poky-glibc-x86_64-core-image-sato-core2-64-toolchain-ext-DISTRO.sh | ||
62 | |||
63 | 4. *Run the Installer:* Be sure you have execution privileges and run | ||
64 | the installer. Following is an example from the ``Downloads`` | ||
65 | directory: | ||
66 | :: | ||
67 | |||
68 | $ ~/Downloads/poky-glibc-x86_64-core-image-sato-core2-64-toolchain-ext-DISTRO.sh | ||
69 | |||
70 | During execution of the script, you choose the root location for the | ||
71 | toolchain. See the "`Installed Standard SDK Directory | ||
72 | Structure <#sdk-installed-standard-sdk-directory-structure>`__" | ||
73 | section and the "`Installed Extensible SDK Directory | ||
74 | Structure <#sdk-installed-extensible-sdk-directory-structure>`__" | ||
75 | section for more information. | ||
76 | |||
77 | Building an SDK Installer | ||
78 | ========================= | ||
79 | |||
80 | As an alternative to locating and downloading an SDK installer, you can | ||
81 | build the SDK installer. Follow these steps: | ||
82 | |||
83 | 1. *Set Up the Build Environment:* Be sure you are set up to use BitBake | ||
84 | in a shell. See the ":ref:`dev-manual/start:preparing the build host`" section | ||
85 | in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual for information on how | ||
86 | to get a build host ready that is either a native Linux machine or a | ||
87 | machine that uses CROPS. | ||
88 | |||
89 | 2. *Clone the ``poky`` Repository:* You need to have a local copy of the | ||
90 | Yocto Project :term:`Source Directory` | ||
91 | (i.e. a local | ||
92 | ``poky`` repository). See the ":ref:`dev-manual/start:cloning the \`\`poky\`\` repository`" and | ||
93 | possibly the ":ref:`dev-manual/start:checking out by branch in poky`" and | ||
94 | ":ref:`dev-manual/start:checking out by tag in poky`" sections | ||
95 | all in the Yocto Project Development Tasks Manual for information on | ||
96 | how to clone the ``poky`` repository and check out the appropriate | ||
97 | branch for your work. | ||
98 | |||
99 | 3. *Initialize the Build Environment:* While in the root directory of | ||
100 | the Source Directory (i.e. ``poky``), run the | ||
101 | :ref:`structure-core-script` environment | ||
102 | setup script to define the OpenEmbedded build environment on your | ||
103 | build host. | ||
104 | :: | ||
105 | |||
106 | $ source oe-init-build-env | ||
107 | |||
108 | Among other things, the script | ||
109 | creates the :term:`Build Directory`, | ||
110 | which is | ||
111 | ``build`` in this case and is located in the Source Directory. After | ||
112 | the script runs, your current working directory is set to the | ||
113 | ``build`` directory. | ||
114 | |||
115 | 4. *Make Sure You Are Building an Installer for the Correct Machine:* | ||
116 | Check to be sure that your | ||
117 | :term:`MACHINE` variable in the | ||
118 | ``local.conf`` file in your Build Directory matches the architecture | ||
119 | for which you are building. | ||
120 | |||
121 | 5. *Make Sure Your SDK Machine is Correctly Set:* If you are building a | ||
122 | toolchain designed to run on an architecture that differs from your | ||
123 | current development host machine (i.e. the build host), be sure that | ||
124 | the :term:`SDKMACHINE` variable | ||
125 | in the ``local.conf`` file in your Build Directory is correctly set. | ||
126 | |||
127 | .. note:: | ||
128 | |||
129 | If you are building an SDK installer for the Extensible SDK, the | ||
130 | SDKMACHINE | ||
131 | value must be set for the architecture of the machine you are | ||
132 | using to build the installer. If | ||
133 | SDKMACHINE | ||
134 | is not set appropriately, the build fails and provides an error | ||
135 | message similar to the following: | ||
136 | :: | ||
137 | |||
138 | The extensible SDK can currently only be built for the same architecture as the machine being built on - SDK_ARCH is | ||
139 | set to i686 (likely via setting SDKMACHINE) which is different from the architecture of the build machine (x86_64). | ||
140 | Unable to continue. | ||
141 | |||
142 | |||
143 | 6. *Build the SDK Installer:* To build the SDK installer for a standard | ||
144 | SDK and populate the SDK image, use the following command form. Be | ||
145 | sure to replace image with an image (e.g. "core-image-sato"): $ | ||
146 | bitbake image -c populate_sdk You can do the same for the extensible | ||
147 | SDK using this command form: | ||
148 | :: | ||
149 | |||
150 | $ bitbake image -c populate_sdk_ext | ||
151 | |||
152 | These commands produce an SDK installer that contains the sysroot | ||
153 | that matches your target root filesystem. | ||
154 | |||
155 | When the ``bitbake`` command completes, the SDK installer will be in | ||
156 | ``tmp/deploy/sdk`` in the Build Directory. | ||
157 | |||
158 | .. note:: | ||
159 | |||
160 | - By default, the previous BitBake command does not build static | ||
161 | binaries. If you want to use the toolchain to build these types | ||
162 | of libraries, you need to be sure your SDK has the appropriate | ||
163 | static development libraries. Use the | ||
164 | :term:`TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK` | ||
165 | variable inside your ``local.conf`` file before building the | ||
166 | SDK installer. Doing so ensures that the eventual SDK | ||
167 | installation process installs the appropriate library packages | ||
168 | as part of the SDK. Following is an example using ``libc`` | ||
169 | static development libraries: TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK_append = " | ||
170 | libc-staticdev" | ||
171 | |||
172 | 7. *Run the Installer:* You can now run the SDK installer from | ||
173 | ``tmp/deploy/sdk`` in the Build Directory. Following is an example: | ||
174 | :: | ||
175 | |||
176 | $ cd ~/poky/build/tmp/deploy/sdk | ||
177 | $ ./poky-glibc-x86_64-core-image-sato-core2-64-toolchain-ext-DISTRO.sh | ||
178 | |||
179 | During execution of the script, you choose the root location for the | ||
180 | toolchain. See the "`Installed Standard SDK Directory | ||
181 | Structure <#sdk-installed-standard-sdk-directory-structure>`__" | ||
182 | section and the "`Installed Extensible SDK Directory | ||
183 | Structure <#sdk-installed-extensible-sdk-directory-structure>`__" | ||
184 | section for more information. | ||
185 | |||
186 | Extracting the Root Filesystem | ||
187 | ============================== | ||
188 | |||
189 | After installing the toolchain, for some use cases you might need to | ||
190 | separately extract a root filesystem: | ||
191 | |||
192 | - You want to boot the image using NFS. | ||
193 | |||
194 | - You want to use the root filesystem as the target sysroot. | ||
195 | |||
196 | - You want to develop your target application using the root filesystem | ||
197 | as the target sysroot. | ||
198 | |||
199 | Follow these steps to extract the root filesystem: | ||
200 | |||
201 | 1. *Locate and Download the Tarball for the Pre-Built Root Filesystem | ||
202 | Image File:* You need to find and download the root filesystem image | ||
203 | file that is appropriate for your target system. These files are kept | ||
204 | in machine-specific folders in the | ||
205 | :yocto_dl:`Index of Releases </releases/yocto/yocto-&DISTRO;/machines/>` | ||
206 | in the "machines" directory. | ||
207 | |||
208 | The machine-specific folders of the "machines" directory contain | ||
209 | tarballs (``*.tar.bz2``) for supported machines. These directories | ||
210 | also contain flattened root filesystem image files (``*.ext4``), | ||
211 | which you can use with QEMU directly. | ||
212 | |||
213 | The pre-built root filesystem image files follow these naming | ||
214 | conventions: | ||
215 | :: | ||
216 | |||
217 | core-image-profile-arch.tar.bz2 | ||
218 | |||
219 | Where: | ||
220 | profile is the filesystem image's profile: | ||
221 | lsb, lsb-dev, lsb-sdk, minimal, minimal-dev, minimal-initramfs, | ||
222 | sato, sato-dev, sato-sdk, sato-sdk-ptest. For information on | ||
223 | these types of image profiles, see the "Images" chapter in | ||
224 | the Yocto Project Reference Manual. | ||
225 | |||
226 | arch is a string representing the target architecture: | ||
227 | beaglebone-yocto, beaglebone-yocto-lsb, edgerouter, edgerouter-lsb, | ||
228 | genericx86, genericx86-64, genericx86-64-lsb, genericx86-lsb and qemu*. | ||
229 | |||
230 | The root filesystems | ||
231 | provided by the Yocto Project are based off of the | ||
232 | ``core-image-sato`` and ``core-image-minimal`` images. | ||
233 | |||
234 | For example, if you plan on using a BeagleBone device as your target | ||
235 | hardware and your image is a ``core-image-sato-sdk`` image, you can | ||
236 | download the following file: | ||
237 | :: | ||
238 | |||
239 | core-image-sato-sdk-beaglebone-yocto.tar.bz2 | ||
240 | |||
241 | 2. *Initialize the Cross-Development Environment:* You must ``source`` | ||
242 | the cross-development environment setup script to establish necessary | ||
243 | environment variables. | ||
244 | |||
245 | This script is located in the top-level directory in which you | ||
246 | installed the toolchain (e.g. ``poky_sdk``). | ||
247 | |||
248 | Following is an example based on the toolchain installed in the | ||
249 | ":ref:`sdk-manual/appendix-obtain:locating pre-built sdk installers`" section: | ||
250 | :: | ||
251 | |||
252 | $ source ~/poky_sdk/environment-setup-core2-64-poky-linux | ||
253 | |||
254 | 3. *Extract the Root Filesystem:* Use the ``runqemu-extract-sdk`` | ||
255 | command and provide the root filesystem image. | ||
256 | |||
257 | Following is an example command that extracts the root filesystem | ||
258 | from a previously built root filesystem image that was downloaded | ||
259 | from the :yocto_dl:`Index of Releases </releases/yocto/yocto-&DISTRO;/machines/>`. | ||
260 | This command extracts the root filesystem into the ``core2-64-sato`` | ||
261 | directory: | ||
262 | :: | ||
263 | |||
264 | $ runqemu-extract-sdk ~/Downloads/core-image-sato-sdk-beaglebone-yocto.tar.bz2 ~/beaglebone-sato | ||
265 | |||
266 | You could now point to the target sysroot at ``beablebone-sato``. | ||
267 | |||
268 | Installed Standard SDK Directory Structure | ||
269 | ========================================== | ||
270 | |||
271 | The following figure shows the resulting directory structure after you | ||
272 | install the Standard SDK by running the ``*.sh`` SDK installation | ||
273 | script: | ||
274 | |||
275 | .. image:: figures/sdk-installed-standard-sdk-directory.png | ||
276 | :scale: 80% | ||
277 | :align: center | ||
278 | |||
279 | The installed SDK consists of an environment setup script for the SDK, a | ||
280 | configuration file for the target, a version file for the target, and | ||
281 | the root filesystem (``sysroots``) needed to develop objects for the | ||
282 | target system. | ||
283 | |||
284 | Within the figure, italicized text is used to indicate replaceable | ||
285 | portions of the file or directory name. For example, install_dir/version | ||
286 | is the directory where the SDK is installed. By default, this directory | ||
287 | is ``/opt/poky/``. And, version represents the specific snapshot of the | ||
288 | SDK (e.g. &DISTRO;). Furthermore, target represents the target architecture | ||
289 | (e.g. ``i586``) and host represents the development system's | ||
290 | architecture (e.g. ``x86_64``). Thus, the complete names of the two | ||
291 | directories within the ``sysroots`` could be ``i586-poky-linux`` and | ||
292 | ``x86_64-pokysdk-linux`` for the target and host, respectively. | ||
293 | |||
294 | Installed Extensible SDK Directory Structure | ||
295 | ============================================ | ||
296 | |||
297 | The following figure shows the resulting directory structure after you | ||
298 | install the Extensible SDK by running the ``*.sh`` SDK installation | ||
299 | script: | ||
300 | |||
301 | .. image:: figures/sdk-installed-extensible-sdk-directory.png | ||
302 | :scale: 80% | ||
303 | :align: center | ||
304 | |||
305 | The installed directory structure for the extensible SDK is quite | ||
306 | different than the installed structure for the standard SDK. The | ||
307 | extensible SDK does not separate host and target parts in the same | ||
308 | manner as does the standard SDK. The extensible SDK uses an embedded | ||
309 | copy of the OpenEmbedded build system, which has its own sysroots. | ||
310 | |||
311 | Of note in the directory structure are an environment setup script for | ||
312 | the SDK, a configuration file for the target, a version file for the | ||
313 | target, and log files for the OpenEmbedded build system preparation | ||
314 | script run by the installer and BitBake. | ||
315 | |||
316 | Within the figure, italicized text is used to indicate replaceable | ||
317 | portions of the file or directory name. For example, install_dir is the | ||
318 | directory where the SDK is installed, which is ``poky_sdk`` by default, | ||
319 | and target represents the target architecture (e.g. ``i586``). | ||